PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF PARISH NURSES AND CHAPLAINS TO PROVIDE PALLIATIVE AND HOSPICE CARE: ACHIEVEMENTS, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
Keywords:
palliative and hospice care; professional training of nurses; professional training of clergy; а Parish nurse; а medical chaplain; spiritual/religious support of patients; a system of spiritual care for patientsAbstract
Background. Globally, the need for palliative and hospice care (PHC) is increasing due to the rapid the population aging and the increasing prevalence of age-related severe life-threatening chronic diseases. An important role in providing PHC to the population, in addition to doctors, is played by nurses and medical chaplains, which determines the urgency of creating and optimizing a system of professional undergraduate and postgraduate training of nurses and clergy in matters of providing PHC, as well as the development and implementation of innovative approaches to undergraduate and postgraduate nursing and theology professional education. The purpose of the work is to justify the innovative direction of professional training of nurses and clergy who are involved in providing PHC to the population – the introduction of training of Parish Nurses and Medical Chaplains in Ukraine. Materials and methods. Regulatory and legal documents of Ukraine and authoritative international professional organizations; a systematic search for scientific medical information was conducted using the JAMA, Scholar, and PubMed search engines; data of official statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. The following research methods were used in the work: bibliosemantic, systemic approach and systemic analysis. Results. The essence of modern PHC is determined by the philosophy of palliative medical care and maintenance, the goal of which is to ensure the highest possible quality of life for patients who need PHC (PP) and their family members, to achieve harmony between professional skill and the humane attitude of doctors and nurses to PP. According to modern approaches and concepts, PHC is a comprehensive multidisciplinary care that combines medical care, social, psychological and spiritual/religious support, volunteer service. Since 2012, the experience of Parish Nurses training, who have medical/nursing and primary theological education and are recognized as a separate profession in many countries, has been at the NGO "Association of Parish Nurses and Volunteers "Welfare – Blago". Parish Nurses from many countries of the world, clergymen of various denominations, doctors, psychologists, philosophers, social workers, scientists, volunteers are involved in conducting seminars and trainings on issues of care and spiritual/religious support of PP and their family members. In 2020, the NGO "Association of Parish Nurses and Volunteers "Welfare – Blago" received from the Westberg Institute (USA) a training curriculum for Parish Nurses and permission to translate it and adapt it to the conditions of Ukraine. The leaders of the NGO "Association of Parish Nurses and Volunteers "Welfare – Blago" are conducting negotiations with medical colleges and theological seminaries on the approval the curriculum and the implementation of a pilot project for the training of Parish Nurses in Ukraine. The adoption by the Ministry of Health of Ukraine of the Order approving the profession "Chaplain in Health Care" is a new important step for the approval and development of an extremely important component of PHC – spiritual/religious support and accompaniment of PP, their family members and personnel involved in providing PHC to the population. In this connection, there is an urgent need for special training of priests. Conclusions. 1. The relevance and importance of PHC is growing both in Ukraine and on a global scale. 2. An important role in PHC providing to the population is played by nurses. Professional training of nurses to provide affordable, high-quality and effective PHC, which requires special knowledge and skills, is a particularly relevant issue. 3. One of the innovative approaches to the professional pre-graduate and post-graduate training of nurses for the PHC providing in Ukraine would be the approval by the Ministry of Health of Ukraine of the specialization or specialty " Parish Nurses ", which has medical/nursing and primary theological education. A Parish Nurses, in addition to providing medical care to a PP, could also perform the function of a chaplain's assistant in a health care facility. 4. An innovative approach is the implementation of professional undergraduate and postgraduate training of Parish Nurses in medical coleges, since it is Parish Nurses who will be in extremely high demand and importance for the PP care. 5. The implementation of spiritual care in the Health Care System will contribute to increasing the medical care level and improving the life quality of patients, and is one of the steps towards the integration of the Ukrainian Health Care System into the European space, in which the Hospital Chaplains Institute and the Spiritual Care System for patients have traditionally and successfully functioned.
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